Ykdysady adalgalara düşünje bermek

Türkmenistanyň ykdysadyýeti bazar gatnaşyklarynyň ýörelgelerine esaslanýar. (Türkmenistanyň Konstitusiýasy, 134-nji madda). Ykdysady adalgalara düşünmek we düşünje bermek döwrüň talaby bolup durýar. Özi hem bu adalgalara sada düşünje bermek zerurlygy ýüze çykýar. Sebäbi, her bir adam nazary maglumatlary öwrenmäge wagty we gyzyklanmasy bolman biler. Ykdysady dersler bilen meşgul bolýan mugallym hökmünde gündelik durmuşda we döwlet derejesinde hasabatlarda ulanylýan esasy ykdysady adalgalara gysgaça düşünje bermegi makul hasapladym.

Ykdysadyýet – jemgyýetiň öz çäkli gorlaryny dolandyrmagyny öwrenýän bilimdir.

Mikroykdysadyýet – adamlaryň, maşgalalaryň we firmalaryň ykdysady kararlaryny we ýörite bazarlarda özara gatnaşyklaryny öwrenýär.

Makroykdysadyýet – döwletiň ykdysady kararlaryny we ykdysady ösüş, inflýasiýa, maýa goýum, işsizlik, salgyt, daşary söwda balansy ýaly makroykdysady görkezijileri öwrenýär.

Jemi içerki önüm – bir ýurduň çäginde bir ýylyň dowamynda öndürilen taýýar haryt we hyzmatlaryň bazar bahasynyň jemidir.

JIÖ çykdajylar boýunça hasaplanyş formulasy: Y=C+I+G+NX

Maýa goýum – kapitallaryň (önümçilik faktorlarynyň) haryt we hyzmat öndürmek üçin satyn alynmagydyr.

Inflýasiýa, puluň hümmetsizlenmegi – haryt we hyzmatlaryň bahasynyň umumy derejesiniň belli wagt aralygynda (1 ýyl) ýokarlanmagydyr.

Işsizlik derejesi – zähmete ukyply ilatyň iş bilen üpjün edilmedik böleginiň gatnaşygyny görkezýär.

Işsizlik derejesi=

Daşary söwda balansy, ýurduň eksport kuwwatynyň import bilen gatnaşygyny aňladýar.

Bellik: Okyjylara ykdysady adalgalar boýunça has düşnükli we mazmunly maglumatlary almak üçin Çarymuhammet Şallyýewiň «Makroykdysadyýet» kitabyna salgylanmaklaryny maslahat berýäris.

 

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