Turkmen agricultural university named after S.A.Niyazov in cooperation with the Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan, has developed a new composition of liquid nitrogen fertilizers for our country, which is considered a good result and is used in the experimental developments of our universities experimental farms.
Our field experiment was carried out in 5 experiments in 4 repetitions with a size of each pond 54 m2 (15 m x 3.6 m) 1. No fertilizers; 2. P40K40; 3. N152P40K40; 4. KAS-32 + P40K40; 5. KAS-32 + L + P40K40. In experiments 2 and 3 of our experiment, a solid form of nitrogen fertilizer was used – ammonium nitrate; In experiments 2-5, ammonium superphosphate and potassium chloride were also spilled from solid mineral fertilizers.
In our fourth test, 45% of the new liquid nitrogen fertilizer KAS-32 is composed of ammonium nitrate, 35% urea and 20% water produced in a chemical plant. Studies of agrochemical requirements have shown that KAS-32 fertilizer reacts with an overestimated pH (7.9-8.2). Considering that the irrigated soils of our country are also alkaline, in the 5th experiment of our experiment, this fertilizer contained no more than 1% of the treated solution, that is, 1.8% pH solution. Thereafter, the pH of the fertilizer in experiment 5 was in a favorable state, that is, 6.5.
In our field experience, phenological observations of the length and growth of cotton, qualitative and chemical checks of the yield were carried out in accordance with the program and plan. The influence of our experiments on the yield of cotton variety Yoloten-7 is presented in Table 1.
Table 1
In our field experiment, the cotton harvest is s/ha
| T / b of the testers | By repetition | On average | |||
| I | II | III | IV | ||
| 1 | 4,61 | 7,58 | 5,53 | 11,11 | 7,20 |
| 2 | 5,58 | 22,00 | 13,56 | 17,90 | 14,76 |
| 3 | 20,42 | 28,71 | 16,46 | 20,43 | 21,50 |
| 4 | 33,72 | 37,70 | 27,31 | 23,72 | 30,61 |
| 5 | 32,37 | 37,77 | 27,55 | 25,97 | 30,91 |
It can be seen that the natural fertile yield in experiment 1 averaged 7.2 c / ha due to the poor soil and nutrients in the soil of our experimental plot. The yield increased from 7.56 kg / ha due to the use of phosphorus and potash fertilizers. The yield of ammonium nitrate on the bed (background) of these fertilizers increased by 6.74 c / ha to 21.50 c / ha. In the fourth experiment, the use of the new liquid nitrogen fertilizer KAS-32 in the same amount as the solid one instead of solid nitrogen fertilizers increased the yield by 9.11 c / ha to an average of 30.61 c / ha.
To verify the data obtained in our field experiments in production conditions, we carried out fertilization in experiments 3, 4, 5 in our educational and production complex of the university on an area of 504 m2 (70 mx 7.2 m) in each iteration. in 3 production trials. We conducted this experiment in the same way as in the field and in agricultural technology. Here the average cotton yield for experiments 1, 2, 3 is: 26.56; 41.77; 41.87 s / ha.
According to our production experience, the use of new KAS-32 liquid fertilizers for our country instead of solid ammonium nitrate has led to an increase in yield by 15.21 s / ha. The use of a small amount of sewage solution (1%) treated with KAS-32 fertilizer in this experiment and its use in Experiment 3 has greatly increased the yield – although (0.1 s / ha), its consumption in the 1st and 2nd harvests Reached 85.55%. This was 1.8% higher than that of solid nitrogen fertilizers.
Thus, in our field and production experiments, our KAS-32 + 1% sludge fertilizer tester has a more sensitive increase in cotton yield (9.11–15.31 s / ha) and an improvement in its quality, as well as soil fertility (pH). Given the impact on the improvement of the reaction, it is possible to propose the introduction of new and improved liquid KAS nitrogen fertilizers for our country as a precondition for the introduction of cotton into our country. In order to ensure the reliability of the obtained results, we aim to test this new improved fertilizer to conduct experimental tests on cotton and wheat crops in the context of our experimental farm.
In addition to the above, we note that the production and use of new KAS liquid nitrogen fertilizers from equal amounts of solid nitrogen fertilizers is also 15-20% cheaper, given that it increases yields.
Amangeldy Bayramov,
lecturer of the Turkmen Agricultural University
named after S.A. Niyazov.
Meeting of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan with the Ambassador of Great Britain